Fatty compositions



Patented Feb. 16, 1932 STATES N ET E LMSJZM FATE ARTHUR GUILLAUDEU, OFCHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO SWIFT & COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ACORPORATION OF ILLINOIS FATTY COMPOSITIONS No Drawing.

- stances and more particularly the prevention or minimizing ofrancidity in fatty substances such as fatty oils and fats, soap, etc.

The new fatty compositions of the present invention comprise fattymaterials such as fats and oils and their products such as soap,together with a small amount of a cyanamide compound.

It is well known that natural fats and oils are subject to oxidation andtend to become rancid when exposed to atmospheric oxygen.

Various catalysts accelerate the process of rancidification. Among theaccelerating influences are sunlight, ultra violet light, heat, metals,metallic oxides and metallic salts and soap. Among these metals andtheir compounds copper and iron hold a Prominent position because oftheir natural catalytic influences and their widespread use in themanufacturing arts. Copper and its compounds are many times as activecatalytically as iron and iron compounds. Small amounts ofcoppercompounds may be present in the fats, particularly in certainanimal fats, or they may be introduced into the fats through contact ofthe fat with copper apparatus 01' equipment. Even minute amounts ofcopper seem to have a pronounced catalytic effect in accelerating theprocess of rancidification.

In the manufacture of soaps there is a similar tendency for the soap orfor its ingredients to become contaminated with small amounts ofcatalysts such as iron or copper com ounds, which promote oxidation orrancidi cation. Hence, soaps, like the commercial fats and oils, are notonly subject to rancidity but frequently or usually contain smallamounts of catalytic substances which tend to promote oxidation orrancidification.

I have found that dicyandiamide is a particularly valuable anti-oxidantor anti-catalyst and that its addition in small amount to the commercialfats and oils or to their products such as soap eflectively prevents orretards or minimizes objectionable oxidation or rancidification of thefatty material. Other Application filed October 24., I930. Serial No.491,084.

cyanamide compounds can be used, such as cyanamide itself, as well asvarious other cyanamides and cyanamide derivatives. I considerdicyandiamide particularly valuable. It can be readily manufactured fromcalcium cyanamide and even in small amount it is a powerful andeffective anti-oxidant and protector against rancidity.

The amount of the cyanamide compound added to the fatty material willvary somewhat with the material and with the use to which it is put orthe conditions under which it is to be kept. In the case ofdicyandiamide as little as 0.05% or less of the fatty material may besufficient and the amount may be as high as 1% or more of the fattymaterial.

The cyanamide compound, for example, dicyandiamide, can be readilyincorporated with commercial fats and oils, preferably while the fatsand oils are in a liquid state so that it will dissolve in the fattymaterial and be uniformly distributed throughout it.

In the case of soap the dicyandiamide can be introduced with the otheringredients into the crut-cher in which the soap is mixedso that it willbe incorporated ip the soap during its process of manufacture.

"While ordinary soap in the moist condition has little tendency tobecome rancid, this tendency becomes pronounced when the soap is dry orsemi-dry, so that under adverse storage conditions dried soap such assoap chips may and frequently does become rancid and unsuitable for usebecause of the disagreeable odor and bad color developed, and, inextreme cases, spontaneous combustion may result due to the heatdeveloped by oxidation.

I have found that the addition of from about 0.05% to about 1% ofdicyandiamide to soap chips will effectively retard the onset andprogress of rancidity.

The invention will be further illustrated by the following specificexample, but is not limited thereto.

The liquid soap, with or without other materials such as caustic soda,soda ash, sodium silicate, perfume, color, etc., is introduced into acrutcher according to the common procedure and a small amount of the iagitating it.

dicyandiamide is added stages of the process of manufacture. For'example, the eyanamide compound either in a dry form or in solution maybe incorporated With the dried soap, making use of the soap mixer ormill or other devices such as are commonly used for incorporatingadditional ingredients with soap. In the case of soap powder or soapgranules the cyanamide compound may be incorporated in the crutcher orother form of mixer prior to the spraying or drying process.

The action of cyanamide compounds such as dicyandiamide is probably bothdirect and indirect in preventing or retarding oxidation and rancidityof soap. Thus, in addition to their direct action they probably also actto combine with such metallic substances as copper or copper compounds,or so as to destroy the catalytic activity of such compounds. Thecyanamide compounds appear to act in a similar manner in preventing orretarding oxidation of oily or fatty materials such as the commercialfats and oils Where, for example, dicyandiamide in small amount, e. g.,0.05% to 1% can be readily incorporated in the fat or oil to stabilizeit against rancidity or oxidation.

I claim:

1. A fatty composition comprising an oxidizable fatty material and asmall amount of a cyanainide' compound which stabilizes the same againstoxidation or rancidity.

2. A fatty composition comprising an oxidizable fatty material and asmall amount of dicyandiamide which stabilizes the same againstoxidation.

A fatty composition comprising commercial fatty material and a smallamount of a cyanamide compound, said compositions being resistant tooxidation and rancidity.

4. A fatty composition comprising commercial fatty material and a'smallamount of dieyandiamide, said compositions being resistant to oxidationand rancidity.

5. A soap composition stabilized against rancidity by the presencetherein of a small amount of a cyanamide compound.

6; A soap composition stabilized against rancidity by the presencetherein of dicyan- 'diamide.

7. A soap composition stabilized against rancidity by the presencetherein of about 0.05% to 1% of dicyandiamide.

8. Soap chips stabilized against rancidity by the presence therein of asmall amount of dicyandiamide.

9. Themethod of rendering fatty and oily materials resistant tooxidation or rancidity which comprises adding thereto a small amount ofa cyanamide compound.

10. The method of rendering fatty and oily materials resistant tooxidation or raneidit which. comprises adding thereto a smafl amount ofdicyandiamide.

11. The method of rendering soap resistant to oxidation and ranciditywhich comprises adding thereto a small amount of a cyananlide compound.

12. The method of rendering soap resistant to oxidation and ranciditywhich comprises adding thereto a small amount of dicyandiamide.

ture.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signa- I

